Двохетапне випікання хліба з використанням проміжного вакуумно-випарного охолодження

Abstract

Розглянуто й охарактеризовано «двохетапне» випікання з використанням проміжного вакуумно-випарного охолоджування, що дає змогу допікати хліб безпосередньо на місці реалізації. Для можливості впровадження цієї технології було розроблено фізичну і математичну моделі процесу, що продемонстровано в даній роботі. Визначено оптимальний час попереднього випікання. Technology of bread production is time consuming and quite a long process. Due to the fact that this process includes many manufacturing operations, changes in length which leads to deterioration of product quality, traditional technology remained unchanged for a long time. This led to the limitation of range of bakery products; and the absence of fresh hot bread in the early hours; the creation of night shift and increase the burden on bakers working the night shift; and the lack of fresh bread at remote points of supply and trade. These problems caused by the continuity and long-term process of bakery products division helped to decide on the bread baking process steps for the increase or decrease of the length of intermediate processes that would allow the technology to make more flexible simultaneously reducing the quality of baked bread. "Two-stage" baking with the help of intermediate vacuum evaporative cooling is a technical solution of these problems. A positive feature of vacuum evaporation cooling is simple speed control process. When vacuum-evaporating cooling structure damages ice crystals, it is impossible to get porous products because of positive temperatures for the entire period of cooling. Technical implementation of new technology in bakery is the need to use the existing equipment with the addition of the mechanized complex for vacuumevaporative cooling. The conducted researches are aimed at identifying kinetic patterns and the development of physical models of heat and mass transfer processes in the interconnected dehydration, cooling, humidity transfer to vacuum evaporating cooling. In this work, the "two-stage" baking by means of intermediate vacuum evaporative cooling, which allows baking bread directly on-site is elaborted. To enable implementation of this technology physical and mathematical model of the process are developed as demonstrated in this paper.