Синтез луковичных наноструктур углерода при пиролизе ароматических углеводородов

Abstract

Впервые предложен новый метод синтеза трубчатых и луковичных наноструктур углерода на ряду с фуллеренами при пиролизе ароматических углеводородов. С помощью электронной микроскопии получено, что некоторые луковичные структуры образуются в форме образований с диаметром более 10 нм. Предположен и обсужден механизм, применяемый для описания всех пространственных форм углерода.A novel method for the simultaneous derivation of tubular and onion-like carbon nanostructures along with fullerenes by pyrolysis of benzene is proposed for the first time. Onion-like structures with a fullerene as a nucleation center are formed in the reaction zone with lower temperature in comparision with that, at which nanotubes grow. It is found by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy that some onion-like structures comprise large hollows with a diameter more than 10 nm and there are no metal-containing particles at the tips of nanotubes. A novel mechanism applicable for all spacious forms of carbon is proposed and discussed. It is supposed that building a grapheme plate is realized as a result of the condensation reaction of molecules of benzene. Fullerene and onion-like structures comprising hexa- and pentagons are formed due to the interaction among molecules of benzene and those of cyclopentadien and toluene which are intermediately formed by pyrolysis of benzene.