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Antimicrobial activity of a mixture of surfactants produced by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 with antifungal drugs and essential oils
(2022) Pirog, Tatiana; Kliuchka, Igor; Kliuchka (Nykytyuk), Lilia
Introduction. The aim of the work was to study the effect of a mixture of surfactants synthesized by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 under various cultivation conditions with antifungal drugs (clotrimazole and fluconazole) and essential oils (cinnamon and lemongrass) on yeast of genus Candida. Material and methods. The cultivation of A. calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 was carried out in a basic medium that did not contain NaCl (medium 1), contained NaCl, 2.0 g/l (medium 2), contained NaCl, 2.0 g/l, and KCl, 1.0 g/l (medium 3). The surfactants were extracted from supernatant of cultural liquid by modified Folch mixture. Antimicrobial properties of the surfactants, antifungal drugs and essential oils were determined by index of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). To assess the synergistic effect of a mixture of surfactants with antifungal drugs or essential oils the fractional inhibitory concentration index was used. Results and discussion. Surfactants synthesized by A. calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 on the basic medium were the most effective antimicrobial agents against the yeasts strains Candida albicans D-6, C. tropicalis RE-2 and C. utilis BVS-65 with MIC 22.5–45 μg/ml that were 2.6–17 times lower than the values determined for surfactants synthesized on modified media. At the same time, regardless of the strain cultivation in different media, all surfactants showed synergism of antifungal activity with clotrimazole, fluconazole, cinnamon or lemongrass essential oils. Thus, in the presence of surfactants synthesized on basic and modified media in a mixture with antifungal drugs, MIC of clotrimazole and fluconazole against the studied yeast test cultures decreased by 4–32 times. The use of a mixture of essential oils with surfactants synthesized by A. calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 growing in different media made it possible to reduce MIC of cinnamon and lemongrass oils against yeasts of Candida genus 4–18 and 8–32 times, respectively. At the same time, the index of fractional inhibitory concentration did not exceed 0.5, which indicates the synergism of anifungal activity between the studied compounds. Conclusion. The results confirm the possibility to reduce the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antifungal drugs or essential oils against members of genus Candida by their mixture with microbial surfactants.
Antimicrobial activity of surfactances of bacteria Nocardia, Rhodococcus and Acinetobacter genera
(2021) Pirog, Tatiana; Kliuchka, Igor; Lutsay, Dariya; Kliuchka (Nykytyuk), Lilia; Skrotska, Oksana
It was found that the minimum inhibitory concentrations against bacteria and yeast of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241, Rhodococcus erythropolis IMV Ac-5017 and Nocardia vaccinii IMV B-7405 surfactants, synthesized on traditional substrates, were 9–120 μg/ml and were within the limits defined for the surfactants known in the world. It was for the first time established that surfactants synthesized by the study strains on wastes of biodiesel production and fried sunflower oil were characterized by high antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeast (minimum inhibitory concentrations 0.45–120 and 1.9–142 μg/ml respectively). It was found that the added of both live and inactivated Escherichia coli ІEM-1 and Bacillus subtilis BT-2 cells in R. erythropolis IMV Ac-5017 and N. vaccinii IMV B-7405 medium cultivation was accompanied by synthesis of surfactants, minimum inhibitory concentrations of which were several times lower than those showed for surfactants synthesized without competitive microorganisms. The obtained results indicate the possibility of using the studied surfactants as effective antimicrobial agents.
Industrial wastes as substrates for synthesis of surfactants with antiadhesive activity by Rhodococcus erythropolis IMV Ac-5017
(2022) Pirog, Tatiana; Kliuchka, Igor; Kliuchka (Nykytyuk), Lilia
Microbial surfactants can affect the degree of microorganism’s adhesion to different surfaces and lead to biodegradation of the already formed biofilms. They are also non-toxic to the environment. These properties allow to use the microbial surfactants in medicine and food industry.
Synergetic antimicrobial activity of a mixture of essential oils and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 surfactants synthesized in the presence of the eukaryotic inducer
(2023) Pirog, Tatiana; Kliuchka, Igor; Kliuchka (Nykytyuk), Lilia
The research was devoted to study the synergetic antimicrobial effect and role in the destruction of biofilms under the action of a mixture of tea tree or cinnamon essential oil with surfactant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241, synthesized in the presence of a yeast inducer
Synergism of antimicrobial activity of antibiotics with biocides of natural origin
(2024) Pirog, Tatiana; Kliuchka, Igor
Currently, antibiotic therapy remains the primary method for treating infectious diseases in humans. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is rapidly decreasing due to the widespread emergence of resistant pathogens, necessitating the exploration of new treatment options. One potential approach involves the use of antibiotics in combination with other natural compounds. The aim of the review was to summarize the literature data on the synergy of the antimicrobial action of combinations of antibiotics with various biocides against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms. The analysis of literature data has shown that promising compounds for use in combinations with antibiotics include essential oils, other plant components, antimicrobial peptides (both natural and synthetic), and microbial surfactants. In the majority of studies, the researchers calculated the fractional inhibitory concentration index, confirming the synergistic antimicrobial activity of antibiotics and the mentioned compounds. The use of natural biocides in combination with commercial antibiotics, particularly against Gram-negative (including methicillin-resistant) Staphylococcus species and Gram-positive microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii), enabled to consider these mixtures not only as effective antimicrobial agents but as one of the ways to reduce the effective concentration of antibiotics as well. It should be noted that in the presented studies, the researchers only observed the synergy of antimicrobial activity between a combination of antibiotics and other biocides, without emphasizing the potential mechanisms of interaction between the components of the complex. This likely depended on various factors, including the qualitative composition of natural compounds. Therefore, it was important to continue research not only on the synergy of antimicrobial activity in compound mixtures but also on the underlying mechanisms of their interaction. This would provide insights to enhance their effectiveness in combating resistant microorganisms
Synergism of antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activity of Nocardia vaccinii IMV B-7405 surfactants in a mixture with essential oils
(2020) Pirog, Tatiana; Kliuchka (Nykytyuk), Lilia; Kliuchka, Igor; Shevchuk, Tetiana; Iutynska, Galyna
An increase in the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms has stimulated the search for alternatives to antibiotics substances of natural origin, which are essential oils (EO) and non-toxic biodegradable microbial surfactants. Aim. To investigate the antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activity of a mixture of EO and surfactants of Nocardia vaccinii IMV B-7405 synthesized on various oil-containing media. Methods. N. vaccinii IMV B-7405 was grown in medium containing as carbon source refined sunflower oil, oil after frying french fried potatoes, potato wedges and meat. The surfactants were extracted from supernatant of cultural liquid by modified Folch mixture. The antimicrobial action of tea tree, cinnamon and lemongrass EO, surfactants and their mixtures was determined by index of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Synergistic effect of surfactants and EO was evaluated by indicator of fractional inhibitory concentration. The degree of bacteria and fungi biofilms destruction under the action of surfactants, EO and their mixtures was determined by spectrophotometric method. Results. It was found that N. vaccinii IMV B-7405 surfactants synthesized on all oil-containing substrates showed a synergistic antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activity with the investigated EO. MIC of a surfactants and EO mixture against bacteria (Bacillus subtilis BT-2 (spores), Escherichia coli IEM-1, Staphylococcus aureus BMS-1) and yeast (Candida albicans D-6, Candida utilis BVS-65 and Candida tropicalis RE-2) were 2–20 μg/ml and were significantly lower than each compound separately (156–625 and 8–80 μg/ml for EO and surfactants, respectively). The destruction of bacterial and yeast biofilms under the action of a mixture of surfactants (20–40 μg/ml) and EO (20–40 μg/ml) was 1.3–2.9 times higher compared with using of each component separately at similar concentrations. Conclusions. The data presented the possibility of using a mixture of EO and surfactants not only to reduce their MIC, but also as effective antimicrobial and anti-adhesive agents.
Synergistic action on microorganisms of complex of essential oils with other biocides
(2019) Pirog, Tatiana; Kliuchka, Igor; Kliuchka (Nykytyuk), Lilia
This review summarizes the published data and own results concerning synergism of antimicrobial activity of essential oils with antibiotics against bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae, genera Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter; with synthetic antifungal drug fluconazole, against yeast genus Candida; with surfactants of microbial origin, against bacterial and yeast test cultures. The synergistic effect of the complex of essential oils with antibiotics, enzymes, surfactants, etc. on biofilms was considered as well. Mixing essential oils with other biocides allowed to significantly decrease the minimum inhibitory concentrations of each component. The probability of emerging resistance to antibiotics was also reduced in the pathogenic bacteria and yeasts due to the antimicrobial action of essential oils that caused the dysfunction of cellular membrane of microorganisms. The prospects of implementing complex essential oils with antibiotic nisin in the food industry, and with other antibiotics in veterinary medicine are discussed. В огляді узагальнено опубліковані дані та власні результати щодо синергізму антимікробної дії ефірних олій з антибіотиками проти бактерій родини Enterobacteriaceae, родів Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter; з синтетичним протигрибковим препаратом флуконазолом, проти дріжджів роду Candida; з поверхнево-активними речовинами мікробного походження, проти бактеріальних і дріжджових тест-культур. Розглянуто також синергічний вплив комплексу ефірних олій з антибіотиками, ферментами, поверхнево-активними речовинами тощо на біоплівки. Змішування ефірних олій з іншими біоцидами дозволило значно знизити мінімальні інгібуючі концентрації кожного компонента. Вірогідність виникнення резистентності до антибіотиків була також знижена у патогенних бактерій і дріжджів завдяки антимікробній дії ефірних олій, які викликали дисфункцію клітинної мембрани мікроорганізмів. Обговорено перспективи впровадження комплексних ефірних олій з антибіотиком низином у харчову промисловість, а з іншими антибіотиками – у ветеринарію.