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Effect of structure-forming agents and spontaneously fermented buckwheat sourdoughon the quality of gluten-free bread
(2022) Mykhonik, Larysa; Hetman, Inna; Naumenko, Oksana
Безглютеновий хліб належить до виробів зі зниженою харчовою цінністю, оскільки кількість крохмалю в рецептурах коливається в межах 50-90 % від маси сипкої сировини. Актуальним завданням є покращення харчової цінності безглютенових виробів за рахунок включення в рецептуру борошна круп’яних культур у складі живильного середовища хлібопекарських заквасок. Cеред всього асортименту структуроутворюючих добавок мало вивченими, з точки зору оптимального дозування та впливу на технологічний процес окремо або в композиції, залишаються гідроксиметилцелюлоза (ГПМЦ) та камедь ксантану. Даних щодо використання борошна круп’яних культур, структуроутворювачів та їх комбінацій для виробництва хліба з мінімальним вмістом крохмалю також обмаль. У результаті пробних лабораторних випікань встановлено, що в технології безглютенового хліба з високим вмістом борошна круп’яних культур доцільно використовувати комбінацію структуроутворювачів ГПМЦ та камеді ксантану в кількості, відповідно, 0,75% та 0,25% до маси борошняно-крохмальної суміші. Такий технологічний підхід дозволить отримати хліб високого об’єму, з гладенькою поверхнею, добре розвинутою, рівномірною та тонкостінною структурою пористості м’якушки. Розроблено схеми розвідного та виробничого циклів ведення закваски спонтанного бродіння з борошна зеленої гречки зі зазначенням специфічних особливостей приготування та параметрів процесу; досліджено органолептичні, біотехнологічні та фізико-хімічні показники якості готової закваски. За умови дотримання розробленого технологічного регламенту отримано напівфабрикат високої якості, придатний для використання у виробничому процесі. Результати пробних лабораторних випікань хліба з додаванням створеної гречаної закваски спонтанного бродіння засвідчили ефективність її використання в технології безглютенових виробів. Було обрано оптимальне дозування закваски в рецептурі гречано-рисового безглютенового хліба, яке становило 10-20% до маси борошняно-крохмальної суміші. Доведено, що закваска здатна інтенсифікувати процеси кислотонакопичення в тісті та прискорити процеси його дозрівання, а готові вироби в результаті життєдіяльності молочнокислих бактерій (МКБ) мали яскраво виражений смак і аромат. Gluten-free bread is a product with reduced nutritional value, since the amount of starch in its recipes ranges 50–90% of the mass of loose raw materials. A topical task is to improve the nutritional value of gluten-free products by including flour of cereal crops in the recipe as part of a growth medium of baking sourdoughs. Among the entire assortment of structure-forming additives, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and xanthan gum still remain understudied as to their optimal dosage and effect on the technological process, whether separately or as a composition. Neither is there enough information on using cereal flours, structure-forming agents, and their combinations to manufacture bread with the minimum starch content. Baking tests in the laboratory have shown that in the technology of gluten-free bread with a high cereal flour content, it is advisable to use a combination of the structuring agents HPMC and xanthan gum in the amounts, respectively, 0.75% and 0.25% of the weight of the flour/starch mixture. This technological approach will allow achieving a high volume of bread, a smooth surface, and a well-developed, uniform, and thin-walled porosity of the crumb. Schemes of the dilution and production cycles of spontaneously fermented sourdough made from green buckwheat flour have been developed, and the specific features of preparation and the process parameters have been indicated. The sensory, biotechnological, and physicochemical characteristics of the quality of the finished sourdough have been investigated. Following the technological regulations developed, a high-quality semi-finished product was obtained, which could be further used in the production process. Laboratory tests in baking bread with the addition of the newly created spontaneously fermented buckwheat sourdough have shown results proving that it can be effectively used in the technology of gluten-free products. It has been established that the optimal percentage of sourdough in the recipe of buckwheat-rice gluten-free bread is 10–20% by weight of the flour/starch mixture. It has been proved that the sourdough can intensify acid accumulation processes in the dough and accelerate its maturation. The finished products had a pronounced taste and aroma as a result of the activity of lactic acid bacteria.
Efficiency of sourdoughs of spontaneous fermentation from cereal flour in bakery technologies
(2023) Mykhonik, Larysa; Hetman, Inna; Naumenko, Oksana
Subject. Sourdoughs of spontaneous fermentation from buckwheat, oat and rice flour, as well as dough and bread with the addition of the above-mentioned sourdoughs. The goal is to investigate the effectiveness of the use of oat, buckwheat and rice sourdoughs of spontaneous fermentation in the technology of bread products of various assortments. Methods. When conducting research, generally accepted methods were used, as well as cause-and-effect analysis, experimental, calculation and logical generalization. Results. In the conditions of the development of discrete production and the popularity of sourdough products, it is effective to use spontaneous fermentation. At the same time, it is worth paying special attention to the search for non–traditional ingredients to improve the nutritional value of wheat flour products and dietary types of bread. The scientific novelty of the results consists in the development and description of the cycles of conducting spontaneous fermentation starters with non-traditional fermentation substrate – green buckwheat, oat and rice flour with further modeling of recipes of bread products of various assortments: wheat, wheat-rye and gluten-free. As a result of the developed management schemes, buckwheat, oat and rice sourdough of spontaneous fermentation was created and the effectiveness of their use in the technology of a wide range of bread products was proven. The feasibility of using buckwheat and oat sourdough in the recipes of wheat and wheat-rye bread, and rice and buckwheat sourdough in the recipe of gluten-free bread is justified. Using the method of trial laboratory baking, the optimal dosages of each leaven were selected and the specifics of using each of them were described, depending on the recipe of the bread. It has been established that the addition of leavens contributes to the improvement of the taste–aromatic properties of the products and more intensive acid accumulation in the dough. Scope of results. The obtained results can be used by manufacturers in the modeling of new and correction of already existing recipes of health and dietary bread.
Investigation of the appearance and elimination of pinking coloration in white wines
(2022) Bilko, Marina; Gunko, Sergiy; Babich, Irina; Naumenko, Oksana; Mukoid, Roman; Ischenko, Mykola; Doboniy, Inna; Danylenko, Svetlana; Bovkun, Alla; Stotska, Olena
Investigation of the appear¬ance and elimination of “pinking” phenomenon in white wines is pre¬sented in the paper. Several factors that can cause pinking were ana¬lyzed: the degree of grapes ripeness and enzymatic treatment. The effect of fining agents based on polyvin¬ylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) on the elimination of “pinking” was deter¬mined. It was proved that pinking in wines decreases with an increase in the sugar content in grape. This is explained by a decrease in the content of anthocyanins at the end of technical ripeness of grape. Experimental studies confirmed that the use of pectolytic enzymes with cellulase, hemicellulase, β-glucanase activities increases the intensity of straw color and the appearance of body tones, but does not affect pinking. Such treatment contributed to a slight increase in the content of phenolic compounds in wine materials, but did not affect the content of anthocyanins and “pinking” susceptibility. Treatment of wine materials with complex PVPP-based agents including sor¬bents and flocculants, is an effec¬tive way to eliminate the “pink¬ing” phenomenon. This reduces “pinking” in wine materials from 70…90 % to 1…2 %. This is due to the presence of sorbents and floc¬culants in the fining agents, which react with phenolic substances that cause “pinking” in white wines, and remove them from the system. So, there are reasons to argue that processing grape at the end of tech¬nical ripeness will contribute to a lower “pinking” susceptibility of wine materials; pectolytic enzymes did not affect the appearance of this phenomenon in white wines, and PVPP-based fining agents together with bentonite, activated carbon, gelatin or casein, are an effective way to reduce the “pinking” sus¬ceptibility of wine.
Perspectives of usage spontaneous fermentation starters of cereal crops cultures in bread technologies
(2021) Hetman, Inna; Mykhonik, Larysa; Naumenko, Oksana
В тезах висвітлено перспективи та переваги розведення заквасок спонтанного бродіння з нетрадиційних видів борошна для покращення харчової цінності. Описано результати проведених досліджень щодо можливості застосування борошна крупяних культур в якості живильного середовища для отримання заквасок високої якості та їх застосування в технології хлібних виробів різного асортименту.Theses highlight the prospects and benefits of breeding spontaneous fermentation ferments from non-traditional types of flour to improve the nutritional value. The results of the conducted researches on the possibility of using cereal flour as a nutrient medium for obtaining high quality sourdoughs and their application in the technology of bread products of different assortment are described.
Study of dough fermentation process with flax seeds
(2023) Bondarenko, Yuliіa; Andronovich, Galina; Kaprelyants, Leonid; Bilyk, Olena; Naumenko, Oksana
The article investigates the fermentation processes in wheat dough containing whole and crushed flax seeds in dry and soaked states. It was found that in the process of fermentation in samples with whole flax seeds in dry and moistened states, the amount of carbon dioxide released slightly increases compared to the control. In the samples with crushed flax seeds in dry form and with moistened crushed flax seeds, the total amount of carbon dioxide released is higher than in the control sample by 16.5 % and 19.0 %, respectively. In the sample with crushed flax seeds, the nature of the dynamics of carbon dioxide release differs from the control sample, namely, a one-stage fermentation is observed. At the same time, the peak of carbon dioxide emission was observed almost 30 minutes later than in the control sample. The use of moistened whole and crushed flaxseeds results in a slightly lower intensity of carbon dioxide emission compared to dry samples. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of carbon dioxide emission, it is recommended to reduce the duration of dough fermentation for the sample with whole flax seeds to 90 minutes, and for the samples with crushed seeds and soaked flax products to 60 minutes. It was found that the introduction of whole and crushed flax seeds in a moistened form slows down the rise of the dough due to the thickening of the dough system with water-soluble and insoluble flax dietary fiber, reducing fermentation and the formation of sugars in the dough system.