Інформаційна технологія підтримки процесу навчання граматики іноземної мови у ВНЗ

Abstract

Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 — інформаційні технології. — Національний університет харчових технологій, Київ — 2016. Дисертаційну роботу присвячено розв’язанню актуального науково- прикладного завдання — підвищення ефективності процесу вивчення іноземної мови студентами вищих навчальних закладів за рахунок створення і використання інформаційної технології. Розроблено технологію управління процесом самонавчання граматики зі зворотним зв’язком та алгоритми окремих етапів циклу управління. Спроектовано архітектуру та складові експертно-навчальної системи граматики іноземної мови як основної складової створюваної інформаційної технології. Розроблено продукційну модель словозміни флективної мови для покрокового опису процесу словозміни при навчанні граматики. З її використанням створено навчальний електронний граматичний словник і експертно-навчальну систему граматики іноземної мови. Забезпечено індивідуалізацію процесу навчання граматики іноземної мови за рахунок розробленої моделі студента, в якій враховано індивідуальні швидкості забування навчальної інформації, рідну мову, спеціальність і зацікавлення студентів, що дає змогу планувати оптимальний інтервал часу між заняттями та підбирати слова для прикладів і вправ відповідно до потреб студента. Thesis for Ph. D. (candidate of technical sciences) degree in specialty 05.13.06 — Information Technology. — National University of Food Technologies, Kyiv — 2016. The thesis is devoted to solving an urgent scientific and applied problem which consists in improving the efficiency of learning foreign languages by the students of higher educational establishments. The problem is solved by creating and using a special information technology. The possibilities of modern e-learning software for personalized self-learning of foreign grammar are analyzed. The perspective of creating automated training systems based on using linguistic databases is determined. A technology for managing the process of grammar learning with feedback is developed, as well as algorithms for individual stages of management cycle (based on the classic management cycle by Henri Fayol). The decomposition of learning material via separating out the smallest learning elements is described. The assessment of learning elements’ importance is performed by assigning them weighting coefficients. The task of determining the optimal time interval between lessons depending on the current level of student’s knowledge is considered (taking into account the desired level of knowledge), as well as the specifics of user/system interaction during the stages of performing exercises and knowledge assessment. An expert tutoring system of foreign language as the main constituent of the developed information technology is designed. The architecture and components of the expert tutoring system are developed. The objective function of instruction quality is formulated, taking into account the importance of learning elements within the course structure. Modern approaches to formal description of inflectional languages’ grammars are analyzed. A production model for the inflectional language morphology is developed (by the example of Polish nouns), which, unlike the existing by now models, makes it possible to describe the inflection process step-by-step when teaching grammar and explain it. The proposed approach consists in separating out the basic elements of inflection process. First of all, a selection of words according to a frequency dictionary is performed. A standard table of grammatical forms for the selected words is formed. Individual transformations in the process of nouns inflection are described. With the help of the described transformations, the modeling of word forms generation process is performed. The resulting chains of transformations for each word are saved into a database. The obtained chains allow of describing the process of inflection step-by-step. It makes the knowledge presentation to the language students more clear and visual. Besides, the automatic selection of words which go through certain transformations is possible. It makes generating learning exercises, examples, and test questions more quick, simple, and convenient. Using the developed model, an electronic grammatical dictionary and an expert tutoring system of the foreign language grammar are created (by the example of Polish language). The electronic trainer for self-instruction of a foreign language inflection as a part of the expert tutoring system of a foreign language grammar is developed. The personalization of the learning process is secured thanks to the developed student model for the expert tutoring system of a foreign grammar. Specific components of the developed model are described, among them: knowledge modeling (using the overlay model), individual aims of study, and student’s psychological characteristics. Generating the next learning step according to the student’s current knowledge is considered. Forgetting of the learning information, modeling and predicting this process (using the exponential distribution of forgetting time) is studied. This allows to plan the optimal time interval between the lessons based on the individual speeds of forgetting. Taking into account student’s native language, specialty and interests allows to select words for examples and exercises according to the personal needs of each student. As a result, the developed information technology, its models and methods help to make learning grammar of inflectional languages more personalized, simple, and efficient.